1. Understand the basic components of a computer and milestones in its historical development. 

2. Discuss the operation of the arithmetic unit including the algorithms & implementation of fixed-point and floating-point addition, subtraction, multiplication & division. 

3. Have a clear understanding of the elements of CPU working and Instruction Set Architecture 

4. Identify the impact of the hierarchical memory system including cache memories and virtual on the overall computer system design 

5. Evaluate the various aspects of I/O operations and their impact on the overall performance and functioning of computers 6. Review the current trends in the development of processor architectures with emphasis on instruction-level parallelism, latency operations in pipeline design, fault tolerance, etc.